A partial abstract of the final rule.....the Federal Register is available online.
Subject: 64FR50555 Revisions to the Unregulated Contaminant
Monitoring Regulation for Public Water Systems, Part 1/8
[Federal Register: September 17, 1999 (Volume 64, Number 180)]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
Environmental Protection Agency
Revisions to the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation for
Public Water Systems; Final Rule
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Parts 9, 141 and 142
[FRL-6433-1]
RIN 2040-AD15
Revisions to the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation
for Public Water Systems
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency.
ACTION: Final rule.
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SUMMARY: The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), as amended in 1996,
requires the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish
criteria for a program to monitor unregulated contaminants and, by
August 6, 1999, to publish a list of contaminants to be monitored. To
conform to the Amendments, today EPA is promulgating the Unregulated
Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR) for Public Water Systems
(PWSs), which revises substantially the existing regulations for
unregulated contaminant monitoring.
This final rule includes a list of contaminants to be monitored,
procedures for selecting a representative nationwide sample of small
PWSs that will be required to monitor, the frequency and schedule for
monitoring, the sampling points, the approved analytical methods to be
used, and procedures for entering the monitoring data in the National
Drinking Water Contaminant Occurrence Database (NCOD), as required
under section 1445 of SDWA, as amended. The data in the database will
be used to identify contaminants on the Drinking Water Contaminant
Candidate List (CCL), to support the Administrator's determination of
whether or not to develop drinking water standards for a particular
contaminant, and to develop standards for the contaminants that the
Administrator selects.
DATES: Effective Date: The final rule is effective January 1, 2001.
For purposes of judicial review, this final rule is promulgated as
on 1 p.m. Eastern time on October 1, 1999 as provided in 40 CFR 23.7.
The incorporation by reference of the publications listed in
today's rule is approved by the Director of the Federal Register as of
January 1, 2001.
ADDRESSES: Documents relevant to this action are available for
inspection from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. Monday through Friday, excluding legal
holidays, at the Water Docket, East Tower Basement, U.S. EPA, 401 M
Street, SW, Washington DC. For access to docket (Docket No. W-98-02)
materials, please call (202) 260-3027 between 9 a.m. and 3:30 p.m,
Eastern Time, Monday through Friday, to schedule an appointment. A
reasonable fee may be charged for copying.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Charles Job, Standards and Risk
Management Division, Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (MC-
4607), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street, SW,
Washington, D.C. 20460, (202) 260-7084. General information may also be
obtained from the EPA Safe Drinking Water Hotline. Callers within the
United States may reach the Hotline at (800) 426-4791. The Hotline is
open Monday through Friday, excluding federal holidays, from 9:00 a.m.
to 5:30 p.m. Eastern Time.
Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in the Preamble and Final Rule
2,4-DNT--2,4-dinitrotoluene
2,6-DNT--2,6-dinitrotoluene
4,4'-DDE--4,4'-dichloro dichlorophenyl ethylene, a degradation
product of DDT
Alachlor ESA--alachlor ethanesulfonic acid, a degradation product of
alachlor
AOAC--Association of Official Analytical Chemists
APHA--American Public Health Association
ASDWA--Association of State Drinking Water Administrators
ASTM--American Society for Testing and Materials
BGM--Buffalo Green Monkey cells, a specific cell line used to grow
viruses
CAS--Chemical Abstract Service
CASRN--Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number
CCL--Contaminant Candidate List
CCR--Consumer Confidence Reports
CERCLA--Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation &
Liability Act
CFR--Code of Federal Regulations
CFU--colony forming unit
CFU/mL--colony forming units per milliliter
CWS--community water system
DCPA--dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate, chemical name of the
herbicide dacthal
DCPA mono- and di-acid degradates--degradation products of DCPA
DDE--dichloro dichlorophenyl ethylene, a degradation product of DDT
DDT--dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane, a general insecticide
DNA--deoxyribonucleic acid
EDL--estimated detection limit
EPA--Environmental Protection Agency
EPTC--s-ethyl-dipropylthiocarbamate, an herbicide
EPTDS--Entry Point to the Distribution System
ESA--ethanesulfonic acid, a degradation product of alachlor
FACA--Federal Advisory Committee Act
FTE--full-time equivalent
GC--gas chromatography, a laboratory method
GLI method--Great Lakes Instruments method
GW--ground water
GWUDI--ground water under the direct influence (of surface water)
HPLC--high performance liquid chromatography, a laboratory method
ICR--Information Collection Request/Rule
IRFA--initial regulatory flexibility analysis
IMS--immunomagnetic separation
IRIS--Integrated Risk Information System
IS--internal standard
LLE--liquid/liquid extraction, a laboratory method
MAC--Mycobacterium avium complex
MOA--Memorandum of Agreement
MCL--maximum contaminant level
MDL--method detection limit
MRL--minimum reporting level
MS--mass spectrometry, a laboratory method
MSD--sample matrix spike duplicate
MTBE--methyl-tertiary-butyl-ether, a gasoline additive
NAWQA--National Water Quality Assessment Program
NCOD--National Drinking Water Contaminant Occurrence Database
NDWAC--National Drinking Water Advisory Council
NERL--National Environmental Research Laboratory
NPS--National Pesticide Survey
NTIS--National Technical Information Service
NTNCWS--non-transient non-community water system
NTTAA--National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
OGWDW--Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water
OMB--Office of Management and Budget
PAH--Poly-aromatic hydrocarbon
PB--particle beam
PBMS--Performance-Based Measurement System
pCi/L--picocuries per liter
PCR--polymerase chain reaction
210Pb--Lead-210 (also Pb-210), a lead isotope and
radionuclide; part of the uranium decay series
210Po--Polonium-210 (also Po-210), a polonium isotope and
radionuclide; part of the uranium decay series
PWS--Public Water System
PWSF--Public Water System Facility
QA--quality assurance
QC--quality control
RDX--royal demolition explosive, hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-
triazine
RFA--Regulatory Flexibility Act
RPD--relative percent difference
RSD--relative standard deviation
SBREFA--Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act
SD--standard deviation
SDWA--Safe Drinking Water Act
SDWIS--Safe Drinking Water Information System
SDWIS FED--the Federal Safe Drinking Water Information System
SM--Standard Methods
SMF--Standard Compliance Monitoring Framework
SMS--sample matrix spike
SOC--synthetic organic compound
SPE--solid phase extraction, a laboratory method
SRF--State Revolving Fund
STORET--Storage and Retrieval System
SW--surface water
TBD--to be determined
TNCWS--transient non-community water system
UCMR--Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation/Rule
UCM--Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring
UMRA--Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
USEPA--United States Environmental Protection Agency
UV--ultraviolet
VOC--volatile organic compound
g/L--micrograms per liter
B. System Monitoring Requirements
The contaminants included in this action are: 2,4-dinitrotoluene,
2,6-dinitrotoluene, DCPA mono acid degradate, DCPA di acid degradate,
4,4'-DDE, EPTC, molinate, MTBE, nitrobenzene, terbacil, acetochlor, and
perchlorate. Systems must also analyze for water quality parameters
including, for chemical contaminants: pH; and for microbiological
contaminants: pH, temperature, turbidity, free disinfectant residual
and total disinfectant residual. Surface water systems must monitor
during four consecutive quarters. Ground water systems must monitor two
times five to seven months apart. One sampling event for surface and
ground water systems must be during the vulnerable time of May 1 to
July 31, or during an alternate vulnerable time selected by the State.
Monitoring must be conducted at the entry point to the distribution
system, or at other sampling locations previously specified by the
State for compliance monitoring, for sampling points representative of
each principal, non-emergency water source in use over the one year of
monitoring. Large and small systems must monitor according to the
quality control procedures described. Laboratories that are certified
to use the indicated methods for the contaminants listed are
automatically certified to analyze for unregulated contaminants. Small
systems that are part of the representative sample which become part of
State Monitoring Plans must follow instructions given them for
unregulated contaminant sampling and shipment to the designated
laboratory.
For the compounds included in this regulation, the following
summary, Table 1, Status of Analytical Methods for Chemical
Contaminants on the UCMR (1999) List, presents a brief overview of
methods availability for each chemical contaminant.
Table 1.--Status of Analytical Methods for Chemical Contaminants on the UCMR (1999) List
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CAS No. Analytical methods Status of availability
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UCMR (1999) List 1--Chemical Contaminant
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2,4-dinitrotoluene............ 121-14-2 EPA 525.2............ Method is adequate for monitoring.
2,6-dinitrotoluene............ 606-20-2 EPA 525.2............ Method is adequate for monitoring.
4,4'-DDE...................... 72-55-9 EPA 508.............. Methods are adequate for monitoring.
EPA 508.1............
EPA 525.2............
D5812-96.............
AOAC 990.06..........
Acetochlor.................... 34256-82-1 In validation process EPA anticipates that this compound can be
added to the scope of EPA Method 525.2.
DCPA di acid degradate........ 2136-79-0 EPA 515.1............ No method is available to measure the
EPA 515.2............ mono and di acid forms separately. All
D5317-93............. of the approved methods identify total
AOAC 992.32.......... mono and di acid forms.
DCPA mono acid degradate...... 887-54-7 EPA 515.1............ No method is available to measure the
EPA 515.2............ mono and di acid forms separately. All
D5317-93............. of the approved methods identify total
AOAC 992.32.......... mono and di acid forms.
EPTC.......................... 759-94-4 EPA 507.............. Methods are adequate for monitoring.
EPA 525.2............
D5475-93.............
AOAC 991.07..........
Molinate...................... 2212-67-1 EPA 507.............. Methods are adequate for monitoring.
EPA 525.2............
D5475-93.............
AOAC 991.07..........
MTBE.......................... 1634-04-4 EPA 524.2............ Methods are adequate for monitoring.
D5790-95.............
SM6210D..............
SM6200B..............
Nitrobenzene.................. 98-95-3 EPA 524.2............ Methods are adequate for monitoring.
D5790-95.............
SM6210D..............
SM6200B..............
Perchlorate................... 14797-73-0 In validation process EPA is currently conducting analytical
methods development to support the
analyses of perchlorate. This new method
will be based on the currently available
ion chromatography methods, but will
include a criteria detailing when a
laboratory must perform a sample clean-
up procedure to minimize the impact of
elevated concentrations of chloride,
sulfate or other dissolved solids.
Terbacil...................... 5902-51-2 EPA 507.............. Methods are adequate for monitoring.
EPA 525.2............
D5475-93.............
AOAC 991.07..........
UCMR (1999) List 2--Chemical
Contaminant
1,2-diphenylhydrazine......... 122-66-7 In development....... Some methods evaluated but inadequate for
monitoring. Priority for analytical
method development. EPA anticipates that
contaminant will be added to the scope
of EPA Method 525.2.
2,4,6-trichlorophenol......... 88-06-2 In development....... EPA Method 552 evaluated but subject to
false positives from interferences of
the derivitized byproduct of the
contaminant. EPA anticipates that
contaminant will be included in a new
SPE/GC/MS method currently under
development.
2,4-dichlorophenol............ 120-83-2 In development....... EPA Method 552 evaluated but subject to
quantitative uncertainty due to
inadequate derivatization of the
contaminant. EPA anticipates that
contaminant will be included in a new
SPE/GC/MS method currently under
development.
2,4-dinitrophenol............. 51-28-5 In development....... Some methods evaluated but inadequate for
monitoring. EPA anticipates that
contaminant will be included in a new
SPE/GC/MS method currently under
development.
2-methylphenol................ 95-48-7 In development....... Some methods evaluated but inadequate for
monitoring. EPA anticipates that
contaminant will be included in a new
SPE/GC/MS method currently under
development.
Alachlor ESA and degradation .............. To be determined..... EPA is evaluating which specific
byproducts of acetanilide contaminants will be included within
pesticides. this group of compounds. Analytical
methods will be determined for the
targeted contaminants.
Diazinon...................... 333-41-5 In development....... Diazinon is listed as a contaminant in
several EPA and voluntary consensus
standard organization methods but it is
subject to rapid aqueous degradation.
Preservation research currently being
conducted to develop a preservation
technique that would permit adding this
compound to EPA Method 525.2.
Disulfoton.................... 298-04-4 In development....... Disulfoton is listed as a contaminant in
several EPA and voluntary consensus
standard organization methods but it is
subject to rapid aqueous degradation.
Preservation research currently being
conducted to develop a preservation
technique that would permit adding this
compound to EPA Method 525.2.
Diuron........................ 330-54-1 In development....... While this compound is included in the
scope of NPS Method 4 (LLE/HLPC/UV) and
EPA Method 553 (SPE/HPLC/MS), these
methods are not adequate for this
monitoring. EPA anticipates that this
compound can be included in a new SPE/
HPLC/UV method currently being
developed.
Fonofos....................... 944-22-9 In development....... Fonofos is listed as a contaminant in
several EPA and voluntary consensus
standard organization methods but it is
subject to rapid aqueous degradation.
Preservation research is currently being
conducted to develop a preservation
technique that would permit adding this
compound to EPA Method 525.2.
Linuron....................... 330-55-2 In development....... While this compound is included in the
scope of NPS Method 4 (LLE/HLPC/UV) and
EPA Method 553 (SPE/HPLC/MS), these
methods are not adequate for this
monitoring. EPA anticipates that this
compound can be included in a new SPE/
HPLC/UV method currently being
developed.
Polonium-210 (210Po).......... 13981-52-7 In development....... Radiochemistry laboratory capacity is
limited.
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